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DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE UNIVERSITY OF WASIT- COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT THIRD CLASS Asst. Prof. Dr. SALLAL RASHID ABID 2017-2018 Design of Reinforced Concrete Lec.1 Introduction Design of Reinforced Concrete Text Books: 1- Design of Concrete Structures (14th Edition) by: A. H. Nilson; D. Darwin & C. H. Dolan 2- Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete ACI 318-14 References: 1- Reinforced concrete Design (7th Edition) by: C. K. Wang , C. G. Salmon & J.A. Pincheira 2- Design of Reinforced Concrete (10th Edition) by: J.C. McCormac & R. H. Brown Syllabus: Syllabus Semester st Introduction 1 Materials 1st st Flexural Analysis & Design of Beams (Working Stress Design Method) 1 Flexural Analysis & Design of Beams (Ultimate Strength Design st Method) 1 st Shear & Diagonal Tension in Beams 1 st Analysis & Design of Torsion 1 st Bond, Anchorage & Development Length 1 nd Serviceability: Crack and Deflection 2 nd Analysis & Design of One-way Slabs 2 Analysis & Design of Continuous Beams and One-way Slabs 2nd nd Analysis & Design of Two-way Slabs 2 Analysis & Design of Short Columns: Concentrically and Eccentrically 2nd loaded nd Analysis & Design Slender Columns 2 Units SI Metric British N gm lb Force kN = 1000 N kg = 1000 g kip = 1000 lb 1 kg = 9.81 N Ton = 1000 kg 1 lb = 4.448 N mm cm in Length m = 1000 mm cm = 10 mm ft = 12 in (˝) mm = 0.1 cm m = 100 cm 1 in = 25.4 mm Stress Force N Pa gm lb psi Area m2 cm2 in2 Stress kN kPa kg kip ksi 1000psi m2 cm2 in2 N MPa Ton mm2 m2 1ksi 6.895MPa Kilo Pascal = kPa = 103 Pa Mega Pascal = MPa= 106 Pa 9 Gega Pascal = GPa = 10 Pa Tera Pascal = TPa = 1012 Pa Asst. Prof. Dr. Sallal R. Abid Wasit University - Civil Engineering Department. 1 Design of Reinforced Concrete Lec.1 Introduction Fundamentals ACI Building Code: Whenever two different materials, such as steel and concrete, are acting together it is understandable that the analysis for strength of a reinforced concrete member has to be partial empirical although rational. These semi-rational principles and methods are being continuously revised and improved as a result of theoretical and experimental research accumulates. The American Concrete Institute (ACI) serves as clearing house for these changes and issues building code requirements. Design Philosophy: Two philosophies of design have long prevalent. • Working stress method focuses on conditions at service loads. • Strength design method focuses on conditions at loads greater than the service loads when failure is imminent. The strength design method is deemed conceptually more realistic to establish structural safety. Strength Design Method: In the strength method, the service loads are increased sufficiently by factors to obtain the load at which failure is considered to be “imminent”. This load is called the factored load or factored service load. strength required to strength provided carry factored loads The provided strength is computed in accordance with rules and assumptions of behavior prescribed by the building code and the strength required is obtained by performing a structural analysis using factored loads. The “strength provided” has commonly referred to as “ultimate strength”, however, it is a code defined value for strength and not necessarily “ultimate”. The ACI Code uses a conservative definition of strength. Safety Provisions: Structures and structural members must always be designed to carry some reserve load above what is expected under normal use. There are three main reasons why some sorts of safety factor are necessary in structural design. [1] Variability in resistance. [2] Variability in loading. Asst. Prof. Dr. Sallal R. Abid Wasit University - Civil Engineering Department. 2 Design of Reinforced Concrete Lec.1 Introduction [3] Consequences of failure. Variability of the strengths of concrete and reinforcement. Differences between the as-built dimensions and those found in structural drawings. Effects of simplifications made in the derivation of the member resistance. Primary Elements of Reinforced Concrete Buildings: Every reinforced concrete building composes of three or more structural elements that should be designed to resist the different types of loads. The main parts of reinforced concrete buildings are: 1- Footings 2- Columns 3- Beams 4- Slabs The beams and slabs work together as one monolithic part referred to as the floor-slab system. The floor-slab system is mainly the slab with or without; beams, drop panels, and column capitals as will be explained in following sections. Figure (1) shows the main parts of a reinforced concrete structure designed for gravity loads. Figure (1) Main parts of reinforced concrete buildings Asst. Prof. Dr. Sallal R. Abid Wasit University - Civil Engineering Department. 3
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