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How Are Organic Compounds Formed? Monomers = building blocks (units) Polymers = a larger molecule made of repeating subunits Monomers link together to form polymers. Many small molecules One large molecule Polymers: Synthesis and Hydrolysis of Polymers • The most important biological compounds are polymers • Poly means “many” • Monomers are a. MONOSACCHARIDES (SIMPLE SUGARS) b. AMINO ACIDS c. NUCLEOTIDES d. FATTY ACIDS Polymers are: • made (DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS) or broken down (HYDROLYSIS) over and over in living cells • Dehydration Synthesis = loss of water • a.k.a. Condensation • a.k.a. Polymerization Background: –Often organic molecule contain functional groups containing carboxyl (COOH) or hydroxyl groups (OH) or both. –This is important because H and OH can be found hanging off monomers Monomer O H Monomer H
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