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MATLAB SIMPLIFIED Practical Programming and Signal Processing for Scientists Copyright 2013 David Mann, Loggerhead Instruments Table of Contents Getting Started ........................................................... 5 MATLAB .................................................................... 6 Launch MATLAB ........................................................ 6 Matrices ................................................................... 12 A First Program ........................................................ 14 Sources for MATLAB Help ....................................... 15 MATLAB Help File ....................................................... 15 Mathworks Online........................................................ 17 Learning to Program ................................................ 18 MATLAB Scripts (m-files) ......................................... 18 MATLAB Path .......................................................... 19 Fundamental Programming Constructs .................... 21 For Loops .................................................................... 21 If .................................................................................. 22 Relational and Logic Operators ................................... 23 Basic File Input ........................................................ 29 Matrix Manipulation .................................................. 40 Introduction to Time Series Analysis ........................ 52 Analog and Digital Signals ....................................... 52 Sampling Rate ......................................................... 53 Aliasing ........................................................................ 54 Avoiding Aliasing ......................................................... 56 Nyquist Theorem ............................................................... 56 Anti-Aliasing Filters ........................................................... 56 Sampling Resolution ................................................ 57 Bits .............................................................................. 57 Digital Resolution ......................................................... 59 Measurement Resolution ............................................. 59 Decimal Numbers ........................................................ 60 Reading Data Files with fread() ............................... 60 File Reading Example: ...................................................... 61 MATLAB Functions.................................................. 63 RMS ............................................................................. 63 Using RMS Example .................................................... 65 Fourier Transform .................................................... 67 Measuring Amplitudes of Specific Frequencies ........... 75 Determining Peak Amplitude and Frequency ............... 75 Additional Details ......................................................... 76 Digital Filters ............................................................ 77 Finite Impulse Response (FIR) Filters ..................... 78 What about the end bits? ............................................. 81 Visualizing the frequency response of the filter ............ 81 More Reason to ♥ MATLAB! ........................................ 83 Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) Filters ..................... 84 Try This ........................................................................ 87 How Do IIR Filters Work? ............................................ 88 Automatic Signal Detection...................................... 90 Energy Detectors ..................................................... 90 Energy Detection in the Time Domain ......................... 90 Energy Detector Example ........................................ 91 Step 1. Filter the signal .................................................... 92 Step 2. Rectify Signal ........................................................ 93 Step 3. Envelope Signal ................................................... 94 Step 4. Threshold Signal ................................................... 94 find ..................................................................................... 96 Image Processing .................................................... 97 Basic MATLAB Image Functions ................................. 97 Creating and plotting an image ................................ 98 Plotting the Matrix as an Image ......................................... 99 Colormap ......................................................................... 100 Try This ...................................................................... 105 Loading and Manipulating an Image ...................... 105 Thresholding Images ............................................. 107
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