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3/3/2020 USING PLAY THERAPY TO TREAT TRAUMA IN CHILDREN Shannon Knight, LCSW, RPT-S, CAS Whitney Eaton, LCSW, RPT-S 1 SHANNON KNIGHT, LCSW, RPT-S, CAS & WHITNEY EATON, LCSW, RPT-S • Owners of Playful Healing & Counseling • 7949 Bell Oaks Dr. Newburgh, IN 47630 rd • 671 3 Ave Suite G Jasper, In 47546 • (812)449-7367 • segg@playfulhealingandcounseling.com • www.playfulhealingandcounseling.com • https://www.facebook.com/playfulhealingandcounseling 2 LEARNING OBJECTIVES • Participants will be able to list the vast array of possible symptoms of trauma in children. • Participants will learn how to connect with children as well as the importance of building relationships in the beginning of treatment. • Participants will learn hands-on activities to utilize when treating childhood trauma. 3 1 3/3/2020 DEFINITION OF TRAUMA • When a child feels intensely threated by an event that he or she is involved in or witnessed-National Child Traumatic Stress Network (NCTSN). • Anything event that overwhelms the system. • Can initiate strong emotions and reactions that persist long after events • Complex Trauma-pervasive impact, including developmental consequences, exposure to multiple or prolonged traumatic events. Exposure to sequential or simultaneous occurrences of maltreatment, including psychological maltreatment, neglect, physical and sexual abuse, and domestic violence (NCTSN, 2013) 4 TYPES OF TRAUMA • Neglect • Refugee trauma • Physical Abuse • Medical Trauma • Sexual Abuse • Early childhood trauma (0—6) • Emotional abuse • Bullying • Domestic Violence • Terrorism/ violence • Natural disasters • Traumatic grief • Community violence • Accidents 5 TRAUMA AND THE BRAIN • Changes in the brain • Increase in cortisol • Hypervigilance • Fight Flight Freeze • Hyperactive/ Hypoactive Amygdala • Can be re-wired with treatment and support 6 2 3/3/2020 DEPRESSION AND CHILDHOOD TRAUMA: LEAH’S STORY • https://youtu.be/DtPRg_Ibn-c 7 HOW WOULD YOU HELP THIS LEAH? 8 LOTS OF REASONS FOR FEELING TRIGGERED BY TRAUMA…. Invisible Wounds (Hardy 1998) Devaluation, Oppression, Domination, Degradation, Abuse (Emotional, Sexual, Physical), Poverty, Neglect Good-Enough Parenting (Crenshaw) Dysfunctional family dynamics Anxiety-response: fight, flight, freeze, shut down Feeling overwhelmed (sensory, changes in routine, etc.) 9 3 3/3/2020 HOW DO WE HELP? ADecision Grid for Play Therapy Child with Weak Ego Responses Child with Strong Ego Responses Coping Approach Invitational Approach Psychoeducation Focusing on Relationship Building Focusing on Developing Coping Skills Resources and Safety Building Defenses and Gradually Confronting Trauma Teaching Pro-Social Skills Orientation to a Positive Future David Crenshaw & John Mordock: A Handbook of Play Therapy With Aggressive Children, 64 10 COMMON DIAGNOSES OF CHILDREN WHO HAVE EXPERIENCED TRAUMA • Oppositional defiant disorder • Conduct disorder • Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder • Bipolar disorders • Reactive attachment disorder • Anxiety disorders • Depressive disorders • PTSD • Abuse & Neglect • Sensory processing disorder 11 TYPICAL PLAY THEMES • Control • Dominance & Power • Threat • Abandonment & Rejection • Separation & Loss • Guilt & Shame: the need for punishment • Deprivation • Need for nurturance 12 4
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